【網友提問】
我是一名水貨商,在網路上販售國外平行輸入之真品,是否侵害國內代理商之商標權?
國際權利耗盡原則
我國商標法第36條第2項前段規定:「按附有註冊商標之商品,由商標權人或經其同意之人於國內外市場交易流通,商標權人不得就該商品主張商標權。」明示承認「國際權利耗盡原則」之適用,即國內商標權人對真品平行輸入之商品(水貨),不得主張商標權而禁止平行輸入。
簡單來說,水貨商對於代理商之商標權,並不構成侵害。
對於代理商而言,是否缺乏保障?以後誰還想要花錢去取得代理權呢?
對於這個問題,我國智慧財產法院認為,在自由貿易市場下,商品本有水貨及公司貨之區別,並非所有消費者都會為了價格較低而購買水貨,公司貨之市場仍占多數,即使水貨市場存在,代理商仍有其經營空間。況且,水貨市場存在,不但能促進價格競爭、有助於商品自由流通,亦不違反商標法之立法目的。
另外,對於代理商來說,如果商標遭到冒用,代理商仍可本於商標權人之地位行使商標權,所以,代理商取得代理權,也不是完全沒有實益的。
✨專業律師怎麼說?
要提醒水貨商注意的是,雖然商標法明文承認「國際權利耗盡原則」,但如果沒有經過商標權人同意在電商平台(賣場)使用商標圖片作為行銷,因為會引起消費者混淆,誤認水貨商與國外原廠或國內代理商之間存在關係企業、授權關係、加盟關係或其他類似關係,所以還是有可能構成商標權之侵害,不可不慎。
加註警語:本文內容僅供讀者為一般性參考,個案特定情形仍需經您諮詢專業人士以評估能否適用,因此,我們建議您應就遇到的問題尋求適當的專業意見。
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